
During the almost 500 years since the founding of the Sultanate of Sulu and North Borneo, there have been several intervals of time when disputes arose regarding which man is the legitimate Sultan. These disagreements resulted in damage to the Sultanate, including outbreaks of civil war, weakened administration, and other harms, including poisonings of Sultans or Crown Princes.
Today, many Filipinos and most world citizens are living in a time of confusion regarding the multiple claimants to the Sultanate of Sulu. Who is the legitimate Sultan? One of the purposes of this website is to review the lineage of the Sultanate, and to demonstrate why Esmail Kiram II was crowned in 2001 as the true, legitimate Sultan of Sulu and North Borneo.